• Prevailing weather conditions should be taken into account in whole farm planning. Plant to block out the cold or hot winds which can impact cow comfort.
• Orientate shade plantings north-south where possible. Aim for 4m² of shade/cow at midday.
• A single row of unfenced trees with no understorey will not grow well and will not be successful as a long term shade/shelter planting with multiple benefits.
• Seek recommendations on suitable tree and shrub species from local nurseries, Greening Australia or Landcare networks. Local species will often perform best because they are adapted to the conditions. Local species should be used for riparian plantings. High fertility areas of the farm might not be suited to Australian natives. Deciduous trees will allow sunlight to penetrate through canopies and allow laneways to dry out quicker in the winter.
• Planning and preparation is the key to a successful revegetation project. Generally autumn is the best time for planting, but spring might be better in regions with heavy frosts. Start planning your project 12-18 months out from planting - order the plants, control weeds and fence out the planting area.
• Some plantings might require guards and additional fencing for protection from browsing animals.
• Maintenance is needed in the first years of establishment, especially weed control.
• Locate feed and drinking water 20-30m away from trees so that there is not a build up of manure.

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