A foot-and-mouth disease vaccine is in use overseas, so why isn't Australia using it to protect our livestock?
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If the disease were to reach Australia from Indonesia, a widespread outbreak would shut down Australia's trade in beef, sheepmeat, goat, dairy and wool, costing the Australian economy an estimated $80 billion in losses over 10 years.
But pre-emptively vaccinating against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) before it is detected in Australia would have its own set of economic ramifications.